Nurilah, Lany Agseptefanny (2026) HUBUNGAN HIPERGLIKEMIA DAN HIPERTENSI TERHADAP BERAT BADAN LAHIR BAYI DI RUMAH SAKIT MKITRA PLUMBON TAHUN 2024 - 2025. Diploma thesis, Politeknik Kesehatan Tasikmalaya.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Hiperglikemia dan hipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan dua kondisi maternal yang sering menjadi penyebab komplikasi pada ibu maupun janin. Hiperglikemia maternal dapat meningkatkan transfer glukosa ke janin sehingga menyebabkan hiperinsulinemia dan gangguan pertumbuhan janin, sedangkan hipertensi dapat menyebabkan gangguan perfusi uteroplasenta yang berdampak pada pertumbuhan janin terhambat. Kedua kondisi tersebut diduga berhubungan dengan variasi berat badan bayi lahir, baik berupa berat badan lahir rendah maupun makrosomia. Metode: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan hiperglikemia dan hipertensi pada ibu bersalin terhadap berat badan bayi lahir di Rumah Sakit Mitra Plumbon tahun 2024–2025. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis ibu dan bayi. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah hiperglikemia dan hipertensi pada ibu, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah berat badan lahir bayi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel penelitian. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi hiperglikemia dan hipertensi pada ibu selama kehamilan berhubungan dengan perubahan berat badan lahir bayi. Hiperglikemia maternal meningkatkan risiko terjadinya makrosomia akibat peningkatan transfer glukosa dan hiperinsulinemia janin, sedangkan hipertensi maternal meningkatkan risiko berat badan lahir rendah akibat gangguan perfusi plasenta. Kombinasi kedua kondisi tersebut memberikan risiko lebih tinggi terhadap terjadinya luaran neonatal yang kurang optimal. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara hiperglikemia dan hipertensi maternal terhadap berat badan bayi lahir. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar penguatan skrining antenatal, deteksi dini faktor risiko kehamilan, serta peningkatan kualitas pelayanan maternal neonatal untuk menurunkan komplikasi ibu dan bayi baru lahir. ABSTRACT Background: Hyperglycemia and hypertension during pregnancy are two maternal conditions frequently associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal hyperglycemia increases glucose transfer to the fetus, leading to fetal hyperinsulinemia and abnormal fetal growth, while maternal hypertension causes impaired uteroplacental perfusion that may restrict fetal growth. Both conditions are suspected to influence variations in infant birth weight, including low birth weight and macrosomia. Methods: This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal hyperglycemia and hypertension and infant birth weight at Rumah Sakit Mitra Plumbon during 2024–2025. The study applied a quantitative approach with an observational analytic design using secondary data obtained from maternal and neonatal medical records. Independent variables included maternal hyperglycemia and hypertension, while the dependent variable was infant birth weight. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between study variables. Results: The study found that maternal hyperglycemia and hypertension during pregnancy were associated with changes in infant birth weight. Maternal hyperglycemia increased the risk of macrosomia due to excessive glucose transfer and fetal hyperinsulinemia, whereas maternal hypertension increased the risk of low birth weight due to placental perfusion disorders. The combination of both conditions showed a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between maternal hyperglycemia and hypertension and infant birth weight. These findings can support strengthening antenatal screening, early detection of pregnancy risk factors, and improving maternal-neonatal healthcare services to reduce maternal and neonatal complications.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) | ||||||||||||
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hiperglikemia, Hipertensi Kehamilan, Berat Badan Lahir Bayi, Kehamilan Risiko Tinggi, Neonatal. SKRIPSICB42026, SKRIPSICB4CRB, SKRIPSICRB | ||||||||||||
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics |
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| Divisions: | Jurusan Kebidanan > D4 Kebidanan | ||||||||||||
| Depositing User: | CB4 Lany Agseptefanny Nurilah | ||||||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jul 2026 02:36 | ||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 17 Jul 2026 02:36 | ||||||||||||
| URI: | http://repo.poltekkestasikmalaya.ac.id/id/eprint/9721 |
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