<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
	<title>THE EFFECT OF BREASTMILK TOPICAL ON PERINEAL WOUND HEALING ON 1-7 DAYS POSTPARTUM MOTHE | Nuraini | Midwifery and Nursing Research</title>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
	<meta name="description" content="THE EFFECT OF BREASTMILK TOPICAL ON PERINEAL WOUND HEALING ON 1-7 DAYS POSTPARTUM MOTHE" />
			<meta name="keywords" content="breastmilk; breastmilk topical; perineal wound healing" />
	
	
	<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" />

	<meta name="DC.Contributor.Sponsor" xml:lang="en" content=""/>
	<meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Shinta Nuraini"/>
	<meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Siti Saadah"/>
	<meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Sariestya Rismawati"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-09-30"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-09-30"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-09-30"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-09-30"/>
	<meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="Background: One of the causes of puerperal infection can start from the perineal wound which is not treated properly. The management of perineal wounds can be done pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. One of non-pharmacological management is by using breastmilk as a topical agent because it contains anti-inflammatory molecules, bioactive substances and growth factors which are very useful for wound healing and prevent infection. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of breastmilk topical of perineal wound healing on 1-7 days of postpartum mother in Mangkubumi Health Center of Tasikmalaya. Methods: This research was a Static Group Comparison design with the pre-experimental approach. The population in this study was 70 mothers who gave birth in December 2018 - February 2019 in Mangkubumi Health Center. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling and obtained as many as 60 people. Results: The results showed a good wound healing process can be seen in the intervention group at the end of the assessment as many as 66.7% and 33.3% showed insufficient wound healing. Different from the control group that showed 36.7% of good wound healing and 63.3% showed insufficient wound healing. Chi-square test showed a significant difference with ρ-value (0.039) &amp;lt; α (0.05). Conclusion: The Effect of breastmilk topical of perineal wound healing on 1-7 days of postpartum mothers was evidenced. This study can be a reference for knowledge improvement in subsequent research."/>
	<meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/>
	<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="5288"/>
	<meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="68-75"/>
						<meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/view/5288"/>
	<meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en; in"/>
	<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2019 Shinta Nuraini, Siti Saadah, Sariestya Rismawati" />
	<meta name="DC.Rights" content=""/>
	<meta name="DC.Source" content="Midwifery and Nursing Research"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="2685-2012"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="2"/>	<meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="1"/>						<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="breastmilk"/>
								<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="breastmilk topical"/>
								<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="perineal wound healing"/>
				<meta name="DC.Title" content="THE EFFECT OF BREASTMILK TOPICAL ON PERINEAL WOUND HEALING ON 1-7 DAYS POSTPARTUM MOTHE"/>
		<meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/>
	<meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Articles"/>
		<meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1" />
	<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Midwifery and Nursing Research"/>
	<meta name="citation_issn" content="2685-2012"/>
        <meta name="citation_author" content="Shinta Nuraini"/>
        <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya"/>
        <meta name="citation_author" content="Siti Saadah"/>
        <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya"/>
        <meta name="citation_author" content="Sariestya Rismawati"/>
        <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya"/>
<meta name="citation_title" content="THE EFFECT OF BREASTMILK TOPICAL ON PERINEAL WOUND HEALING ON 1-7 DAYS POSTPARTUM MOTHE"/>

				<meta name="citation_date" content="2019/09/30"/>
	
	<meta name="citation_volume" content="1"/>
	<meta name="citation_issue" content="2"/>

			<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="68"/>
				<meta name="citation_lastpage" content="75"/>
							<meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/view/5288"/>
	<meta name="citation_language" content="en; in"/>
						<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="breastmilk"/>
								<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="breastmilk topical"/>
								<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="perineal wound healing"/>
									<meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/download/5288/1342"/>
				

	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/styles/pkp.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/styles/common.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/common.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/compiled.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/articleView.css" type="text/css" />
	
	
	
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/sidebar.css" type="text/css" />	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/leftSidebar.css" type="text/css" />	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/rightSidebar.css" type="text/css" />	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/styles/bothSidebars.css" type="text/css" />
			<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/plugins/themes/classicRed/classicRed.css" type="text/css" />
			<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/public/journals/14/journalStyleSheet.css" type="text/css" />
			<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/plugins/blocks/languageToggle/styles/languageToggle.css" type="text/css" />
	
	<!-- Base Jquery -->
	<script type="text/javascript" src="//www.google.com/jsapi"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		// Provide a local fallback if the CDN cannot be reached
		if (typeof google == 'undefined') {
			document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
			document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jqueryUi.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
		} else {
			google.load("jquery", "1.4.4");
			google.load("jqueryui", "1.8.6");
		}
	</script>
	
	<!-- Compiled scripts -->
			
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.tag-it.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.cookie.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/functions/fontController.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/functions/general.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/functions/jqueryValidatorI18n.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/classes/Helper.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/classes/ObjectProxy.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/classes/Handler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/classes/linkAction/LinkActionRequest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/classes/features/Feature.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/SiteHandler.js"></script><!-- Included only for namespace definition -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/UrlInDivHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/AutocompleteHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/ExtrasOnDemandHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/FormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/AjaxFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/ClientFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/grid/GridHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/controllers/linkAction/LinkActionHandler.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/js/pages/search/SearchFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/js/statistics/ReportGeneratorFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/plugins/generic/lucene/js/LuceneAutocompleteHandler.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.pkp.js"></script>	
	
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/js/relatedItems.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/js/inlinePdf.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/js/pdfobject.js"></script>

</head>
<body id="pkp-common-openJournalSystems">

<div id="container">

<div id="header">
<div id="headerTitle">
<h1>
	<img src="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/public/journals/14/pageHeaderTitleImage_en_US.png" width="1020" height="210" alt="Page Header" />
</h1>
</div>
</div>

<div id="body">

	<div id="sidebar">
					<div id="leftSidebar">
				

<div class="block" id="sidebarKeywordCloud">
	<span class="blockTitle">Keywords</span>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Acupressure"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Acupressure</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Adolescent"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Adolescent</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Anxiety%20level"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Anxiety level</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Behavior"><span style="font-size: 108%;">Behavior</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Child%20Development"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Child Development</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Dysmenorrhea"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Dysmenorrhea</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Gymnastic%20Fantasy%20Stories"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Gymnastic Fantasy Stories</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Knowledge"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Knowledge</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Pregnant%20Mother"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Pregnant Mother</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Social%20Anxiety"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Social Anxiety</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=Social%20Media"><span style="font-size: 75%;">Social Media</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=anxiety"><span style="font-size: 142%;">anxiety</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=arenting"><span style="font-size: 75%;">arenting</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=blood%20pressure"><span style="font-size: 142%;">blood pressure</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=brisk%20walking%20exercise"><span style="font-size: 108%;">brisk walking exercise</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=intravenous%20catheter"><span style="font-size: 75%;">intravenous catheter</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=pain"><span style="font-size: 75%;">pain</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=phlebitis"><span style="font-size: 75%;">phlebitis</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=pregnancy%20loving%20Massase"><span style="font-size: 75%;">pregnancy loving Massase</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=quality%20sleep"><span style="font-size: 75%;">quality sleep</span></a>
			<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search?subject=risk%20factors"><span style="font-size: 75%;">risk factors</span></a>
	</div><div class="block" id="sidebarDevelopedBy">
	<a class="blockTitle" href="http://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs/" id="developedBy">Open Journal Systems</a>
</div><div class="block" id="sidebarNavigation">
	<span class="blockTitle">Journal Content</span>

	
	
	<form id="simpleSearchForm" action="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search/search">
				<table id="simpleSearchInput">
			<tr>
				<td>
													<label for="simpleQuery">Search <br />
					<input type="text" id="simpleQuery" name="simpleQuery" size="15" maxlength="255" value="" class="textField" /></label>
								</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td><label for="searchField">
				Search Scope
				<br />
				<select id="searchField" name="searchField" size="1" class="selectMenu">
					<option label="All" value="query">All</option>
<option label="Authors" value="authors">Authors</option>
<option label="Title" value="title">Title</option>
<option label="Abstract" value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option label="Index terms" value="indexTerms">Index terms</option>
<option label="Full Text" value="galleyFullText">Full Text</option>

				</select></label>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td><input type="submit" value="Search" class="button" /></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>

	<br />

		<span class="blockSubtitle">Browse</span>
	<ul>
		<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/issue/archive">By Issue</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search/authors">By Author</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search/titles">By Title</a></li>
		
					<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/index">Other Journals</a></li>
						</ul>
	</div>

<!-- Add javascript required for font sizer -->
<script type="text/javascript">
	<!--
	$(function(){
		fontSize("#sizer", "body", 9, 16, 32, "/ojs"); // Initialize the font sizer
	});
	// -->
</script>

<div class="block" id="sidebarFontSize" style="margin-bottom: 4px;">
	<span class="blockTitle">Font Size</span>
	<div id="sizer"></div>
</div>
<br />
			</div>
							<div id="rightSidebar">
				<div class="block custom" id="customblock-Menu">
	<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1U3x5jDL7AHUD-FqsUo85JOEV3Xo7Xj_g/view?usp=sharing"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/kampuslima/journal-template.png" alt="" /></strong></span></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZoEH5Ik8ppdlMuax2DJZ9Pd4WOI5N0iC/view?usp=sharing"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/kampuslima/Publication_Ethics_(1).png" alt="" /></strong></span></a></p>
<p><a href="/ojs/index.php/MANR/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions"><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/kampuslima/button_submit-here-3.png" alt="" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/10doPM5STmHVl62nt4sWHCJ0HoyyJAnNK/view?usp=sharing"><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/kampuslima/button_focus-and-scope-2.png" alt="" /></a></p>
<p><a href="/ojs/index.php/MANR/about/submissions#authorGuidelines"><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/kampuslima/button_author-guidelines_(4).png" alt="" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>	
<div class="block" id="sidebarRTAuthorBios">
	<span class="blockTitle">
					About The Authors
			</span>
		<div class="authorBio">
	<p>
		<em>Shinta Nuraini</em>
								<br />Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya		<br />Indonesia	</p>

	<p></p>
	</div>
	<div class="separator"></div>
		<div class="authorBio">
	<p>
		<em>Siti Saadah</em>
								<br />Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya		<br />Indonesia	</p>

	<p></p>
	</div>
	<div class="separator"></div>
		<div class="authorBio">
	<p>
		<em>Sariestya Rismawati</em>
								<br />Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya		<br />Indonesia	</p>

	<p></p>
	</div>
	
	</div><div class="block" id="sidebarUser">
			<span class="blockTitle">User</span>
	
												<form method="post" action="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/login/signIn">
					<table>
						<tr>
							<td><label for="sidebar-username">Username</label></td>
							<td><input type="text" id="sidebar-username" name="username" value="" size="12" maxlength="32" class="textField" /></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td><label for="sidebar-password">Password</label></td>
							<td><input type="password" id="sidebar-password" name="password" value="" size="12" class="textField" /></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td colspan="2"><input type="checkbox" id="remember" name="remember" value="1" /> <label for="remember">Remember me</label></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Login" class="button" /></td>
						</tr>
					</table>
				</form>
						</div>
<div class="block" id="sidebarLanguageToggle">
	<script type="text/javascript">
		<!--
		function changeLanguage() {
			var e = document.getElementById('languageSelect');
			var new_locale = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;

			var redirect_url = 'https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/user/setLocale/NEW_LOCALE?source=%2Fojs%2Findex.php%2FMANR%2Farticle%2Fview%2F5288%2F1342';
			redirect_url = redirect_url.replace("NEW_LOCALE", new_locale);

			window.location.href = redirect_url;
		}
		//-->
	</script>
	<span class="blockTitle">Language</span>
	<form action="#">
		<label for="languageSelect">Select Language</label>
		<select id="languageSelect" size="1" name="locale" class="selectMenu"><option label="Bahasa Indonesia" value="id_ID">Bahasa Indonesia</option>
<option label="English" value="en_US" selected="selected">English</option>
</select>
		<input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit" onclick="changeLanguage(); return false;" />
	</form>
</div>
 <div class="block" id="notification">
	<span class="blockTitle">Notifications</span>
	<ul>
					<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/notification">View</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/notification/subscribeMailList">Subscribe</a></li>
			</ul>
</div>
<div class="block custom" id="customblock-Tools">
	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong style="font-size: large;">TOOLS</strong></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" href="https://www.mendeley.com/?interaction_required=true"><img src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-H9c63RHd6Z0/W8mQWDr_PAI/AAAAAAAAEM4/0dT_2PfVUNc6tDU-ncCdYaZpI4Z8XTXLQCLcBGAs/s200/mendeley.png" alt="" width="190" height="58" border="0" data-original-height="120" data-original-width="222" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div>
<p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.grammarly.com/"><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/prasko/images.png" alt="" width="190" height="45" /></a></p>
</div>	
			</div>
			</div>

<div id="main">

<div id="navbar">
	<ul class="menu">
		<li id="home"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/index">Home</a></li>
		<li id="about"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/about">About</a></li>

					<li id="login"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/login">Login</a></li>
							<li id="register"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/user/register">Register</a></li>
												<li id="search"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/search">Search</a></li>
		
					<li id="current"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/issue/current">Current</a></li>
			<li id="archives"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/issue/archive">Archives</a></li>
		
					<li id="announcements"><a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/announcement">Announcements</a></li>
				

									<li class="navItem" id="navItem-0"><a href="http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/about/editorialTeam">Editorial Team</a></li>
												<li class="navItem" id="navItem-1"><a href="http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/about/displayMembership/76">Reviewers</a></li>
											</ul>
</div>
<div id="breadcrumb">
	<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/index" target="_parent">Home</a> &gt;
	<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/issue/view/194" target="_parent">Vol 1, No 2 (2019)</a> &gt;	<a href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/view/5288/1342" class="current" target="_parent">Nuraini</a>
</div>

<div id="content">


			
<div id="pdfDownloadLinkContainer">
	<a class="action pdf" id="pdfDownloadLink" target="_parent" href="https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/download/5288/1342">Download this PDF file</a>
</div>



<script type="text/javascript"><!--
	$(document).ready(function(){
		if ($.browser.webkit) { // PDFObject does not correctly work with safari's built-in PDF viewer
			var embedCode = "<object id='pdfObject' type='application/pdf' data='https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/viewFile/5288/1342' width='99%' height='99%'><div id='pluginMissing'><p>The PDF file you selected should load here if your Web browser has a PDF reader plug-in installed (for example, a recent version of <a href=\"https://get.adobe.com/reader/\">Adobe Acrobat Reader<\/a>).<\/p> <p>If you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with PDFs, Highwire Press provides a helpful <a href=\"http://highwire.stanford.edu/help/pdf-faq.dtl\">Frequently Asked Questions about PDFs<\/a>.<\/p> <p>Alternatively, you can download the PDF file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a PDF reader. To download the PDF, click the Download link above.<\/p></div></object>";
			$("#inlinePdf").html(embedCode);
			if($("#pluginMissing").is(":hidden")) {
				$('#fullscreenShow').show();
				$("#inlinePdf").resizable({ containment: 'parent', handles: 'se' });
			} else { // Chrome Mac hides the embed object, obscuring the text.  Reinsert.
				$("#inlinePdf").html('<div id="pluginMissing"><p>The PDF file you selected should load here if your Web browser has a PDF reader plug-in installed (for example, a recent version of <a href=\"https://get.adobe.com/reader/\">Adobe Acrobat Reader<\/a>).<\/p> <p>If you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with PDFs, Highwire Press provides a helpful <a href=\"http://highwire.stanford.edu/help/pdf-faq.dtl\">Frequently Asked Questions about PDFs<\/a>.<\/p> <p>Alternatively, you can download the PDF file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a PDF reader. To download the PDF, click the Download link above.<\/p></div>');
			}
		} else {
			var success = new PDFObject({ url: "https://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/article/viewFile/5288/1342" }).embed("inlinePdf");
			if (success) {
				// PDF was embedded; enbale fullscreen mode and the resizable widget
				$('#fullscreenShow').show();
				$("#inlinePdfResizer").resizable({ containment: 'parent', handles: 'se' });
			}
		}
	});

// -->
</script>
<div id="inlinePdfResizer">
	<div id="inlinePdf" class="ui-widget-content">
		<div id='pluginMissing'><p>The PDF file you selected should load here if your Web browser has a PDF reader plug-in installed (for example, a recent version of <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>).</p> <p>If you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with PDFs, Highwire Press provides a helpful <a href="http://highwire.stanford.edu/help/pdf-faq.dtl">Frequently Asked Questions about PDFs</a>.</p> <p>Alternatively, you can download the PDF file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a PDF reader. To download the PDF, click the Download link above.</p></div>
	</div>
</div>
<p>
	<a class="action" href="#" id="fullscreenShow">Fullscreen</a>
	<a class="action" href="#" id="fullscreenHide">Fullscreen Off</a>
</p>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>	
					
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src='https://kit.fontawesome.com/a076d05399.js' crossorigin='anonymous'></script>
<!--Get your own code at fontawesome.com-->
</head>
<body>

<H4>Article Metrics</H4>

<div><i class='fas fa-sticky-note' style='font-size:20px'></i> Abstract view : 474 <br></div>


</body>
</html>



<div class="separator"></div>

<h3>Refbacks</h3>

<ul>
				<li>There are currently no refbacks.</li>
	</ul>


		
 

 <!-- addCssJsPlugin -->
<script ></script>
<br /><br />
<!-- Default Statcounter code for Midwifery and Nursing Research
http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MANR/index --><script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[
var sc_project=12232030; 
var sc_invisible=0; 
var sc_security="f4bdc583"; 
var sc_https=1; 
var scJsHost = "https://";
document.write("<sc"+"ript type='text/javascript' src='" + scJsHost+
"statcounter.com/counter/counter.js'></"+"script>");
// ]]></script><noscript>&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;div class="statcounter"&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;a title="Web Analytics" href="https://statcounter.com/" target="_blank"&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;img class="statcounter" src="https://c.statcounter.com/12232030/0/f4bdc583/0/" alt="Web Analytics"&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/a&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/div&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</noscript><!-- End of Statcounter Code --> <a href="https://statcounter.com/p12232030/?guest=1">View Statistics</a><p>Midwifery and Nursing Research (MANR) Journal (ISSN:<a href="http://u.lipi.go.id/1559866285" target="_blank"><strong>2685-2020</strong></a>; e-ISSN:<strong><a href="http://u.lipi.go.id/1559233039" target="_blank">2685-2012</a></strong>), is published by Prodi Kebidanan-Keperawatan Magelang Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Semarang, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan, Magelang Utara, Kota Magelang, Jawa Tengah 56115, Indonesia; Telp./Fax: (0293)363054</p><p>Public Services : </p><p> </p><p><img src="/ojs/public/site/images/311damas/Gmail-Icon.png" alt="" width="25" height="21" /> E-mail: manrjournal@gmail.com</p><hr /><p>Midwifery and Nursing Research (MANR) Journal by <a href="/ojs/index.php/manr" target="_self">http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/manr</a></p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" rel="license"><img style="border-width: 0;" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></a><br />This work is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.
</div><!-- content -->
</div><!-- main -->
</div><!-- body -->



</div> <!-- container -->
</body>
</html>